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• 17:06, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Trigger Point (Created page with "=General Overview of Myofascial Trigger Points = ---- == A. Background == === Prevalence === Myofascial trigger points (TrPs) are extremely common and become a painful part of nearly everyone's life at some time or another. '''Latent TrPs''', which often cause motor dysfunction (stiffness and restricted range of motion) without pain, are far more common than '''active TrPs''', which additionally cause pain. Among 200 unselected asymptomatic young adults, focal tender...") Tag: Visual edit: Switched
• 12:43, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Hypometabolism and TrPs (Created page with "'''Hypometabolism''' (thyroid inadequacy) describes the condition of someone whose serum levels of thyroid hormones are in the low euthyroid range, or just below the "normal" two standard deviation limit. It is covered in depth as a perpetuating factor for myofascial trigger points (TrPs) because, when present, the results of specific therapy for myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) can be '''utterly frustrating''' until the hypometabolism is corrected — patients obtain only...")
• 12:43, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Calcium and TrPs (Created page with "'''Calcium''' is the most abundant mineral in the human body and is essential to muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and the release of acetylcholine (ACh) at the neuromuscular junction — making it directly relevant to the trigger point (TrP) mechanism. Calcium ions control the molecular machinery that initiates and terminates the actin-myosin interaction at the heart of every muscle twitch, and their dysregulation at the motor endplate is central to the hy...")
• 12:42, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Iron and TrPs (Created page with "'''Iron''' is an essential mineral whose deficiency is estimated to be present in 9–11% of adolescent girls and women of childbearing age in the United States — making it the most prevalent micronutrient deficiency in the developed world. Iron deficiency increases the irritability of myofascial trigger points (TrPs) through multiple mechanisms: it impairs oxygen transport to muscle, disrupts oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria, impairs thermoregulation, disturb...")
• 12:42, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Vitamin C and TrPs (Created page with "'''Vitamin C (ascorbic acid; L-ascorbic acid)''' is a water-soluble vitamin of major clinical importance to the muscles because it can prevent much postexercise muscle soreness or stiffness, corrects the increase in capillary fragility associated with ascorbic acid deficiency, and interacts strongly with numerous other vitamins important to muscle function. It is the only reducing substance that specifically regulates dopamine beta-monooxygenase activity in chromaffin ce...")
• 12:42, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Folic Acid and TrPs (Created page with "'''Folic acid''' (pteroylglutamic acid; folate; folacin) is a water-soluble B-complex vitamin whose insufficiency is '''the most common vitamin inadequacy''' and among those most likely to perpetuate myofascial trigger points (TrPs). Its metabolism is inseparably intertwined with that of vitamin B₁₂ — the two vitamins share critical pathways, and treatment of one without establishing the status of the other risks precipitating a deficiency of the second. This page...")
• 12:42, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Vitamin B12 Cobalamin and TrPs (Created page with "'''Vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin)''' is one of the most structurally complex of all vitamins and the only one whose only primary food source is bacteria. It is considered together with folic acid because their metabolism and function are intimately linked — the two independently essential enzyme cofactors share critical pathways, and deficiency of one can mask or precipitate deficiency of the other. Both are required for DNA synthesis, and inadequacy of either aggravates...")
• 12:41, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Vitamin B1 Thiamine and TrPs (Created page with "'''Vitamin B₁ (thiamine)''' is an essential water-soluble vitamin whose primary biological role is in the oxidative metabolism of glucose. It is the vitamin most directly linked to the energy crisis at the heart of myofascial trigger point (TrP) pathophysiology. Thiamine insufficiency increases the susceptibility of muscles to TrPs that are resistant to local therapy until the serum thiamine level is raised to the mean normal level or above. Thiamine has been relative...")
• 12:41, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine and TrPs (Created page with "'''Vitamin B₆ (pyridoxine)''' is considered the single most important vitamin in myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) because of its role in energy metabolism, in nerve function, and critically in the '''synthesis and/or metabolism of nearly all the neurotransmitters'''. It is also essential to the metabolism of many proteins, including several neurotransmitters. Pyridoxine deficiency is almost never found alone — it usually occurs with deficiency of other B-complex vitami...")
• 12:29, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Concept:Perpetuating Factors (Created page with "'''Perpetuating factors''' are the systemic, structural, metabolic, and psychological conditions that keep myofascial trigger points (TrPs) active and prevent them from resolving spontaneously or with specific local treatment. Recognition and correction of perpetuating factors is, according to Travell and Simons, '''the most important single aspect''' of myofascial pain management, and the most neglected. The clinical importance of this concept is illustrated by the apo...")
• 11:49, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Cervical Rotatores (Created page with "'''Cervical rotatores''' are the shortest and deepest paraspinal muscles of the posterior cervical spine. Their trigger points (TrPs) produce '''midline pain and tenderness at the segmental level of the TrP''' — a pattern analogous to that described for thoracolumbar rotatores. Unlike the longer posterior cervical muscles, their taut bands cannot be identified by palpation; they must be identified by characteristic deep tenderness to pressure in the groove lateral to s...")
• 11:49, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Cervical Multifidi (Created page with "'''Cervical multifidi''' are deep diagonal posterior cervical muscles whose trigger points (TrPs) refer pain strongly upward to the suboccipital region and downward over the neck and the upper part of the shoulder girdle. Unlike the longer semispinalis capitis, whose pain encircles the head to the temporal region, multifidi TrP pain is referred '''cephalad to the suboccipital region and caudad toward the scapula'''. Because TrPs in the cervical multifidi are closely ass...")
• 11:49, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Semispinalis Cervicis (Created page with "'''Semispinalis cervicis''' is an intermediate-to-deep posterior cervical muscle whose trigger points (TrPs) refer pain into the occipital region in a pattern similar to that of the middle semispinalis capitis, and downward over the neck to the upper vertebral border of the scapula. It is primarily a cervical extensor and contralateral rotator, and its caudal attachments to the relatively immobile thoracic vertebrae serve primarily as anchors for movement of the cervical...")
• 11:49, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Longissimus Capitis (Created page with "'''Longissimus capitis''' is a long, relatively narrow posterior cervical muscle whose trigger points (TrPs) refer pain concentrating in the region of the ear or just behind and below it, with possible extension a short distance down the neck and occasionally into a periorbital region behind the eye. It lies deep to the lateral part of the splenius capitis, and its nearly vertical fibre direction helps distinguish it from the more diagonal fibres of the splenius capitis...")
• 11:49, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Semispinalis Capitis (Created page with "'''Semispinalis capitis''' is a long, nearly vertical posterior cervical muscle whose trigger points (TrPs) produce a band-like headache that encircles the head halfway, reaching maximum intensity in the temporal region and continuing forward over the eye. It is one of the most common muscular sources of tension-type and cervicogenic headache, and its taut bands are responsible for the most clinically important entrapment of the greater occipital nerve. Because it provi...")
• 11:35, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Vertex Headache (Redirected page to Pain:Vertex Headache) Tag: New redirect
• 11:32, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page DiagnosticTree/Vertex (Created page with "{ "tree_id": "head-neck", "region": "Head and Neck Pain \u2014 Myofascial", "start": "rom-1", "redflags": { "emergency": [ { "id": "rf-e1", "label": "Subarachnoid Haemorrhage", "question": "Sudden-onset thunderclap headache \u2014 the worst headache of the patient\u2019s life, reaching maximal intensity within seconds to a minute; may be accompanied by neck stiffness, vomiting, photophobia, or brief loss of consciousness?",...")
• 11:31, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Pain:Vertex Headache (Created page with "<html> <div class="diagnostic-tree-host" data-tree-page="DiagnosticTree/Vertex"></div> </html>")
• 01:21, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Pain:Chest (Created page with "<html> <div class="diagnostic-tree-host" data-tree-page="DiagnosticTree/Chest"></div> </html>")
• 01:20, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page DiagnosticTree/Chest (Created page with "{ "tree_id": "chest", "region": "Chest Pain — Myofascial", "start": "rf-screen", "redflags": { "instruction": "Screen ALL THREE groups before proceeding. If ANY feature within a group is present, act on that group's action immediately — do not continue to the myofascial algorithm.", "cardiac": { "id": "rf-cardiac", "label": "Cardiac & Vascular Emergencies", "screen_question": "Are ANY of the following present?", "conditions"...")
• 01:14, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Chest Pain Algorithm (Created page with "{ "tree_id": "chest", "region": "Chest Pain — Myofascial", "start": "rf-screen", "redflags": { "emergency": [ { "id": "rf-e1", "label": "Acute Myocardial Infarction / Cardiac Ischaemia", "question": "Is there crushing, pressure, or squeezing chest pain radiating to the left arm or jaw, with associated sweating, nausea, or shortness of breath?", "rationale": "Myofascial chest pain can closely mimic cardiac ischaemia. Ca...")
• 00:57, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Iliocostalis Cervicis (Created page with "'''Iliocostalis cervicis''' (also known as ''cervicalis ascendens'') is the cervical continuation of the iliocostalis column — the most laterally placed of the erector spinae (superficial paraspinal) group. It bridges the thoracic rib cage to the lower cervical spine, making it a key postural muscle at the cervicothoracic junction. Its TrPs refer pain upward into the posterior neck and occipital region, and downward toward the interscapular area. Because of its positio...")
• 00:32, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Multifidi (Created page with "'''Multifidi''' are the next deeper layer of the deep paraspinal muscles, located between the semispinalis thoracis and the rotatores. They refer pain primarily to the region around the '''spinous process''' of the vertebra adjacent to the TrP. Multifidus TrPs located from L1 to L5 may also refer pain anteriorly to the abdomen — easily misjudged as visceral in origin. At the S1 level, multifidus TrPs project pain downward to the coccyx and render the coccyx hypersensit...")
• 00:31, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Rotadores (Created page with "'''Rotatores''' are the deepest layer of the paraspinal muscles and the shortest of the deep paraspinal group. They produce midline pain and referred tenderness on tapping the spinous process adjacent to a TrP. Involvement throughout the length of the thoracolumbar spine produces '''midline pain''' centering on the spinous processes at the segmental level of the TrP, or in the lumbar region, it may be referred a few segments caudally. The rotatores are believed to functi...")
• 00:19, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page File:TorsoRegion.png
• 00:19, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs uploaded File:TorsoRegion.png
• 00:18, 19 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Torso (Created page with "<gallery> Example.jpg|Caption1 Example.jpg|Caption2 </gallery>")
• 23:59, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Abdominal Wall/Belch Button (Created page with "The '''belch button''' is an uncommon but clinically important trigger point (TrP) that has not been consistently localised to a specific named muscle. It is a dorsal TrP that may lie in the posterior fringe of the external oblique, or it may be a fascial TrP in the '''lumbodorsal fascia''', or it may represent an attachment TrP of the transversus abdominis where it attaches to the thoracolumbar fascia at the a...")
• 23:58, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Pyramidalis (Created page with "'''Pyramidalis''' is a small, variable, triangular muscle located within the anterior rectus sheath, just above the symphysis pubis. Its TrP refers pain close to the midline between the symphysis pubis and the umbilicus. The pyramidalis is absent bilaterally in approximately 17–20% of individuals and is absent unilaterally more commonly than bilaterally — its presence should never be assumed. It lies entirely within the anterior rectus sheath, and its TrP is closely...")
• 23:58, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Rectus Abdominis (Created page with "'''Rectus abdominis''' is the primary medial abdominal muscle, running vertically between the pubic symphysis and the anterior rib cage. Its TrPs produce some of the most clinically confusing pain patterns in the body: bilateral horizontal back pain at the thoracolumbar level, deep epigastric pain mimicking peptic ulcer, periumbilical cramping indistinguishable from intestinal colic, dysmenorrhoea, pseudo-appendicitis at McBurney's point, and precordial pain. Because the...")
• 23:56, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Transversus Abdominis (Created page with "'''Transversus abdominis''' is the deepest of the three lateral abdominal wall muscles. Its TrPs produce referred pain in a horizontal band across the upper abdomen with concentration at the xiphoid process, and are associated with enthesitis along the inferior costal margin that is characteristically aggravated by coughing. The transversus abdominis is the first of all the abdominal wall muscles to be activated in anticipation of lower limb movement — a feedforward re...")
• 23:55, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Internal Oblique (Created page with "'''Internal oblique''' is the intermediate layer of the three lateral abdominal wall muscles. Its TrPs are less well characterised individually than the external oblique because the muscle is not directly accessible to flat palpation — central TrPs can only be reached by pincer grip of the lateral wall. Its pain patterns overlap those of the external oblique and transversus abdominis. TrPs in the lower internal oblique near the inguinal canal are a recognised source of...")
• 23:55, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:External Oblique (Created page with "'''External oblique''' is the most superficial of the three lateral abdominal wall muscles. Its trigger points (TrPs) produce a wide range of referred pain patterns — from "heartburn" in the epigastric region to groin and testicular pain — and can initiate viscerosomatic disturbances capable of closely mimicking appendicitis, cholecystitis, and other acute visceral pathology. Because its fibres interdigitate with the serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi, dysfunctio...")
• 04:23, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Semispinalis Thoracis (Created page with "'''Semispinalis thoracis''' is classified anatomically as the outermost (most superficial) of the deep paraspinal muscles, but its pain patterns correspond to those of the longissimus fibres at the same segmental level. Although it is the most superficial of the deep group, it behaves clinically more like the superficial (erector spinae) group in its referral patterns. Its TrPs produce severe aching "bone" pain that is persistent, worrisome, and disabling. The semispinal...")
• 04:23, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Rotatores (Created page with "'''Rotatores''' are the deepest layer of the deep paraspinal (transversospinal) group and the shortest muscles of the spine. They span only one segment (rotatores breves) or two segments (rotatores longi) and lie against the laminae of the vertebrae. Their trigger points (TrPs) produce midline pain centred on the spinous processes at the segmental level of the TrP, with referred tenderness that may extend to the adjacent tapping on the spinous process. They are the most...")
• 04:22, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Multifidus (Created page with "'''Multifidus''' is the intermediate layer of the deep paraspinal (transversospinal) group, lying deeper than the semispinalis thoracis and superficial to the rotatores. Its trigger points (TrPs) refer pain primarily to the region around the spinous process of the vertebra adjacent to the TrP, and may also refer pain anteriorly to the abdomen — easily misjudged as visceral in origin. Multifidus TrPs at the S₁ level project pain downward to the coccyx and ren...")
• 04:21, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Iliocostalis Lumborum (Created page with "'''Longissimus thoracis''' is the most medially placed of the superficial (erector spinae) paraspinal muscles and has the longest fibres of the entire paraspinal group. It is one of the two muscles of the erector spinae group most likely to develop active trigger points (TrPs), and is a common muscular source of "lumbago." Its TrPs refer pain downward to the sacroiliac region and the buttock, and — when located at the low thoracic and high lumbar levels — may also re...")
• 04:21, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Longissimus Thoracis (Created page with "'''Longissimus thoracis''' is the most medially placed of the superficial (erector spinae) paraspinal muscles and has the longest fibres of the entire paraspinal group. It is one of the two muscles of the erector spinae group most likely to develop active trigger points (TrPs), and is a common muscular source of "lumbago." Its TrPs refer pain downward to the sacroiliac region and the buttock, and — when located at the low thoracic and high lumbar levels — may also re...")
• 04:20, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Iliocostalis Thoracis (Created page with "'''Iliocostalis thoracis''' is the more laterally placed of the two superficial (erector spinae) paraspinal muscles most likely to develop trigger points (TrPs). It refers pain both cephalad and caudad, with mid-thoracic TrPs projecting pain medially toward the spine and spilling over anteriorly into the abdomen and up toward the back of the shoulder — a pattern easily mistaken for cardiac angina or pleurisy on the left side. Low thoracic TrPs also refer pain into the...")
• 04:06, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Diaphragm (Created page with "# Muscle:Diaphragm **The diaphragm** is the primary muscle of inhalation in humans, generating 70–80% of the inhalation force during quiet breathing. Its trigger points (TrPs) produce referred pain in two distinct patterns depending on whether the central dome or the peripheral costal fibres are involved — a distinction that reflects the dual innervation of the muscle. Diaphragmatic TrPs are a clinically underrecognised cause of persistent chest pain, dyspnoea, and...")
• 04:05, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Intercostal Muscles (Created page with "# Muscle:Intercostal Muscles **Intercostal muscles** occupy the spaces between adjacent ribs and serve dual roles in respiration and postural stabilisation of the thoracic spine. Because their trigger points (TrPs) produce chest pain that worsens with breathing, coughing, and sneezing, they are frequently misattributed to cardiac or pleuropulmonary pathology. When intercostal TrPs are active, even quiet breathing can become painful, and the resulting voluntary breath-re...")
• 03:54, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Muscle:Subclavius (Created page with "'''Subclavius''' is a small muscle lying beneath the clavicle over the first rib whose trigger points (TrPs) can contribute to symptoms of a vascular thoracic outlet syndrome and produce a referred pain pattern extending down the radial side of the arm and forearm to the thumb and index finger — a pattern easily mistaken for that of the overlying pectoralis major or the scalene muscles. == Anatomy == The subclavius muscl...")
• 01:37, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page File:Headregionv3.png
• 01:37, 18 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs uploaded File:Headregionv3.png
• 01:14, 16 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page File:Headregionv2.png
• 01:14, 16 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs uploaded File:Headregionv2.png
• 04:05, 14 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page File:Wordmark crop.png
• 04:05, 14 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs uploaded File:Wordmark crop.png
• 03:55, 14 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs created page Pain:TMJ Screening Examination (Created page with "The '''TMJ Screening Examination''' is a structured clinical protocol for assessing temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders prior to and alongside myofascial assessment. It is indicated whenever a patient presents with ear, jaw, cheek, or temporal pain. The protocol described here follows Chapter 5, Section C of Travell & Simons' ''Myofascial Pain and Dysfunction: The Trigger Point Manual''. The examination screens for the following TMJ disorder categories: * Congenital...")
• 00:16, 12 April 2026 Yatreyu talk contribs moved page Ear & Temporomandibular Joint to Pain:Ear and TMJ